C / C++

TODO: Fill this in.

C#

Abs function

using System.Math;

Abs(value)

Java

Python

abs function

abs(value)

The type of the return value is the same as the argument (int or float).

fabs function

from math import fabs

fabs(value)

Like the abs function, except that the return type is always a float.

RB

abs(value)

VB .NET

Abs function

imports System.Math

Abs(value)

C / C++

C#

Ceiling static method

using System.Math;

Ceiling(value)

This function returns a double.

According to the MSDN documentation, "the behavior of this method follows IEEE Standard 754, section 4."

Java

Python

ceil function

from math import ceil

ceil(value)

Returns a float containing value rounded up to the nearest integer.

RB

ceil function

ceil(value as Double)

VB 6

Use custom function: ceil

Ceiling shared method

imports System.Math

Ceiling(value)

This function returns a double.

According to the MSDN documentation, "the behavior of this method follows IEEE Standard 754, section 4."

C / C++

C#

Exp static method

using System.Math;

Exp(value)

This function returns a double.

Java

Python

exp function

from math import exp

exp(value)

This function returns a float.

RB

exp function

exp(value as Double)

VB 6

exp function

exp(value as number)

Exp shared method

imports System.Math

Exp(value)

This function returns a double.

C / C++

C#

Pow static method

using System.Math;

Pow(base, power)

This function returns a double.

Java

Python

** operator

base ** power

Returns base raised to the powerth power. The result is an int if both base and power are ints, otherwise the result is a float.

pow function

from math import pow

pow(base, power)

Returns a float containing base raised to the powerth power.

RB

Pow function

Pow(base as Double, power as Double)

VB 6

^ operator

base ^ power

VB .NET

Pow shared method

imports System.Math

Pow(base, power)

This function returns a double.

C / C++

C#

Floor static method

using System.Math;

Floor(value)

This function returns a double.

According to the MSDN documentation, "the behavior of this method follows IEEE Standard 754, section 4."

Java

Python

floor function

from math import floor

floor(value)

Returns a float containing value rounded down to the nearest integer.

RB

floor function

floor(value as Double)

VB 6

Use custom function: floor

VB 6 doesn't have a built-in ceiling function. Use the code below:

public function Floor(value as double)

    Floor = CDbl(CLng(value - 0.5))

end function

This code takes advantage of the fact that CLng rounds to the nearest decimal. To force it to always round down, .5 is subtracted from its argument. Since this implementation of the ceiling function uses a function that converts value to a long, it will only work for values between -2,147,483,648 and 2,147,483,647 (the range of numbers that can be handled by a long).

Floor shared method

imports System.Math

Floor(value)

This function returns a double.

According to the MSDN documentation, "the behavior of this method follows IEEE Standard 754, section 4."

C / C++

C#

Java

Python

from math import modf

modf(value)

Returns a 2-tuple of floats containing the fractional and integer parts of value, in that order.

RB

TODO: Fill this in.

VB

TODO: Fill this in.

C / C++

C#

Java

Python

from math import hypot

hypot(x, y)

Returns a float containing the length of the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle having width x and height y.

RB

TODO: Fill this in.

VB

TODO: Fill this in.

C / C++

C#

Log static method, base e

using System.Math;

Log(value)

This function returns a double.

Log10 static method

using System.Math;

Log10(value)

This function returns a double containing the base 10 logarithm of value.

Log static method, any base

using System.Math;

Log(value, base)

This function returns a double containing the logarithm of value in the given base.

Java

Python

log function

from math import log

log(value)

Returns a float containing the natural logarithm (base e) of value.

log10 function

from math import log10

log10(value)

Returns a float containing the base 10 logarithm of value.

RB

log function

log(value as Double)

VB 6

log function

Log(value as number)

VB .NET

Log shared method, base e

imports System.Math

Log(value)

This function returns a double.

Log10 shared method

imports System.Math

Log10(value)

This function returns a double containing the base 10 logarithm of value.

Log shared method, any base

imports System.Math

Log(value, base)

This function returns a double containing the logarithm of value in the given base.

C / C++

C#

Max static method

using System.Math;

Max(value1, value2)

value1 and value2 must be of the same type. This function returns a value of the same type as value1 and value2.

Java

Python

max function

max(value1, value2, value3, ... , valueN)

The type of the returned value is the type of the largest value.

RB

max function

max(number1 as Double, number2 as Double)

VB 6

Use custom function: Max

Function Max(value1 as Double, value2 as Double) as Double

    if (value1 > value2 2) then
        Max = value1

    else
        Max = value2

    end if

End Function

Max shared method

imports System.Math

Max(value1, value2)

value1 and value2 must be of the same type. This function returns a value of the same type as value1 and value2.

C / C++

C#

Min static method

using System.Math;

Min(value1, value2)

value1 and value2 must be of the same type. This function returns a value of the same type as value1 and value2.

Java

Python

min function

min(value1, value2, value3, ... , valueN)

The type of the returned value is the type of the smallest value.

RB

min function

Min(number1 as Double, number2 as Double)

VB 6

Use custom function: Min

VB 6 doesn't have a built-in min function. Use the code below:

Function Min(value1 as Double, value2 as Double) as Double

    if (value1 < value2 2) then
        Min = value1

    else
        Min = value2

    end if

End Function

This function is modelled to be equivalent to RB's Min function.

VB 6 does have a function called Min, but it’s used to find the smallest value of a database field and not for comparing two numbers.

Min shared method

imports System.Math

Min(value1, value2)

value1 and value2 must be of the same type. This function returns a value of the same type as value1 and value2.

C / C++

C#

Random class

The .NET library provides the Random class for generating random numbers.

The Random class provides two constructors:

• Random(), which creates an instance of the class using a seed value based on the current time.
• Random(seed), which creates an instance of the class using the integer seed as the seed value.

A random number generator uses its seed value to generate a sequence of pseudo-random numbers. Typically, when you want a new random number, the random number generator provides the next number in that sequence. This is why the Random class' methods for getting random numbers all begin with "Next".

Next method

The Next method returns a random integer. There are three variations:

• myRandom.Next(), which returns a positive integer in the range from 0 to 2,147,483,646 (one less than the largest number that can be held by type int32)
• myRandom.Next(value), which returns a positive integer in the range from 0 to the (value - 1). value must be an integer greater than or equal to zero.
• myRandom.Next(lowValue, highValue), which returns a positive integer in the range from lowValue to (highValue - 1). lowValue and highValue must be integers and highValue must be greater than or equal to lowValue.

NextDouble method

myRandom.NextDouble()

This method returns a random double between 0.0 and 1.0. This method is similar to many other prgramming languages' random number functions.

NextBytes method

myRandom.NextBytes(myByteArray)

This method fills a given array of bytes with random values.

Java

Python

RB

Rnd function

Rnd

VB

Rnd function

Rnd([value])

Randomize function

Randomize([seed])

• In VB, Rnd can take an optional argument, which determines the kind of random numbers returned:
• if number < 0: same number every time, using number as the seed value
• if number > 0: next random number in the sequence
• if number = 0: the most recently generated number
• no value provided: next random number in the sequence

VB .NET

Random class

The .NET library provides the Random class for generating random numbers.

The Random class provides two constructors:

• Random(), which creates an instance of the class using a seed value based on the current time.
• Random(seed), which creates an instance of the class using the integer seed as the seed value.

A random number generator uses its seed value to generate a sequence of pseudo-random numbers. Typically, when you want a new random number, the random number generator provides the next number in that sequence. This is why the Random class' methods for getting random numbers all begin with "Next".

Next method

The Next method returns a random integer. There are three variations:

• myRandom.Next(), which returns a positive integer in the range from 0 to 2,147,483,646 (one less than the largest number that can be held by type int32)
• myRandom.Next(value), which returns a positive integer in the range from 0 to the (value - 1). value must be an integer greater than or equal to zero.
• myRandom.Next(lowValue, highValue), which returns a positive integer in the range from lowValue to (highValue - 1). lowValue and highValue must be integers and highValue must be greater than or equal to lowValue.

NextDouble method

myRandom.NextDouble()

This method returns a random double between 0.0 and 1.0. This method is similar to many other prgramming languages' random number functions.

NextBytes method

myRandom.NextBytes(myByteArray)

This method fills a given array of bytes with random values.

C / C++

C#

Round static method, round to nearest integer

using System.Math;

Round(value)

value must be either a Decimal or a double. This function returns a value of the same type as value.

Round static method, round with specified precision

using System.Math;

Round(value, numberOfDecimals)

value must be either a Decimal or a double; numberOfDecimals must be an int. This function returns value rounded to numberOfDecimals decimal places; the return value is of the same type as value.

Java

Python

round(value[, decimal places])

RB

Round(value as Double)

VB 6

CInt(value as number or String)

CLng(value as number or String)

Round shared method, round to nearest integer

imports System.Math

Round(value)

value must be either a Decimal or a double. This function returns a value of the same type as value.

Round shared method, round with specified precision

imports System.Math

Round(value, numberOfDecimals)

value must be either a Decimal or a double; numberOfDecimals must be an int. This function returns value rounded to numberOfDecimals decimal places; the return value is of the same type as value.

C / C++

C#

Sign static method

using System.Math;

Sign(value)

This function returns a value of the same type as value.

Java

Python

Use custom function: sign

Python has no built-in sign function, nor is it in the math module. Use the code below:

def Sign(value):

    if value > 0:
        return 1

    elif value < 0:
        return -1

    else:
       return 0

RB

Use custom function: sign

RB has no built-in sign function. Use the code below:

Function Sign(value as double) as integer

    if value > 0 then
        return 1

    elseif value < 0 then
        return -1

    else
       return 0

    end if

End Function

VB 6

Sgn function

Sgn(value)

VB .NET

Sign shared method

imports System.Math

Sign(value)

This function returns a value of the same type as value.

C / C++

C#

Java

Python

RB

Val(string)

CDbl(string)

Val recognizes the prefixes for hexadecimal (&H) and octal(&O) - it will convert these strings into their decimal equivalent.

VB

Val(string)

CByte(expression)

CCur(expression)

CDbl(expression)

CDec(expression)

CInt(expression)

CLng(expression)

CSng(expression)

C / C++

C#

Sqrt static method

using System.Math;

Sqrt(value)

This function expects a double and returns a double.

Java

Python

sqrt function

from math import sqrt

sqrt(value)

This function returns a float.

RB

Sqrt function

Sqrt(value as Double)

VB 6

Sqr function

Sqr(value as number)

Sqrt shared method

imports System.Math

Sqrt(value)

This function expects a double and returns a double.

C-based languages

Python

RB

BitwiseAnd(value1 as Integer, value2 as Integer)

Returns a double containing the decimal value equivalent to the result of a bitwise AND operation on the binary values of value1 and value2.

VB

value1 And value2

Returns a decimal value equivalent to the result of a bitwise AND operation on the binary values of value1 and value2. value1 and value2 can be any valid numeric expression. If either value1 or value2 contain a fractional part, they are first rounded to the nearest whole number and then the And operation is performed.

C-based languages

expr1 && expr2

Python

RB

expr1 and expr2

This operator returns True if and only if expr1 and expr2 are both True, otherwise it returns False. expr1 and expr2 can be any valid boolean expression.

VB

expr1 and expr2

This operator returns True if and only if expr1 and expr2 are both True, otherwise it returns False. expr1 and expr2 can be any valid boolean expression.

C-based languages

expr1 ^ expr2

Python

RB

expr1 bitwiseXor expr2

Returns a double containing the decimal value equivalent to the result of a bitwise exclusive OR operation on the binary values of value1 and value2.

VB

expr1 xor expr2

Returns a decimal value equivalent to the result of a bitwise exclusive OR operation on the binary values of number1 and number2. number1 and number2 can be any valid numeric expression.

C-based languages

expr1 ^^ expr2

Python

RB

No equivalent.

Use the following function to emulate an Exclusive Or:

Function VBXor(expr1 as boolean, expr2 as boolean) as boolean

return (expr1 or expr2) and (not (expr1 and expr2))

End Function

VB

expr1 Xor expr2

This operator returns True if either expr1 and expr2 -- but not both -- are True, otherwise it returns False. expr1 and expr2 can be any valid boolean expression.

C-based languages

Python

RB

VB

number1 Imp number2

Returns a decimal value equivalent to the result of a bitwise implication operation on the binary values of number1 and number2. number1 and number2 can be any valid numeric expression.

C-based languages

Python

RB

No equivalent.

The implication function below emulates a good portion of VB's Imp function. There is no specially-defined Null value in RB, so the RB implication function below deals only with true and false values.

Function VBImp(expr1 as boolean, expr2 as boolean) as boolean

if ((expr1) and (not expr2))

return false

else

return true

end if

End Function

VB

number1 Imp number2

Returns a decimal value equivalent to the result of a bitwise implication operation on the binary values of number1 and number2. number1 and number2 can be any valid numeric expression.

C-based languages

Python

RB

VB

Not arg

Returns a decimal value equivalent to the result of a bitwise negation on the binary value arg. arg can be any valid numeric expression.

C-based languages

Python

RB

Not expr

This operator returns True if either expr is False and returns False when expr is True. expr can be any valid boolean expression.

VB

Not expr

This operator returns True if either expr is False and returns False when expr is True. expr can be any valid boolean expression.

C-based languages

Python

RB

BitwiseOr(value1 as Integer, value2 as Integer)

VB

value1 Or value2

Returns a decimal value equivalent to the result of a bitwise Exlusive Or operation on the binary values of value1 and value2. value1 and value2 can be any valid numeric expression.

C-based languages

Python

expr1 or expr2

This operator returns True if either expr1 and expr2 (or both) are True, otherwise it returns False. expr1 and expr2 can be any valid boolean expression.

RB

expr1 or expr2

This operator returns True if either expr1 and expr2 (or both) are True, otherwise it returns False. expr1 and expr2 can be any valid boolean expression.

VB

expr1 or expr2

This operator returns True if either expr1 and expr2 (or both) are True, otherwise it returns False. expr1 and expr2 can be any valid boolean expression.

C / C++

C#

Acos function

using System.Math;

Acos(value)

This function returns a double.

Java

Python

acos function

from math import acos

acos(cosine)

This function returns a float.

RB

acos function

acos(cosine)

This function returns a double.

VB 6

Use custom function: acos

VB 6 has no built-in arccosine function. Use the function below:

public function acos(value) as double

    acos = atn(-value / sqr(-value * value + 1)) + 2 * atn(1)

end function

VB .NET

Acos shared method

imports System.Math

Acos(value)

This function returns a double.

C / C++

C#

Asin static method

using System.Math;

Asin(value)

This function returns a double.

Java

Python

asin function

from math import asin

asin(sine)

This function returns a float.

RB

asin function

asin(sine as Double)

This function returns a double.

VB

No equivalent.

You have to roll your own:

asin(sine) = atn(sine / sqr(-sine * sine + 1)

Asin shared method

imports System.Math

Asin(value)

This function returns a double.

C / C++

C#

Atan static method

using System.Math;

Atan(value)

This function returns a double.

Atan2 static method

using System.Math;

Atan2(y, x)

Returns a double containing the angle between the positive x-axis and the point at coordinates (x, y).

Java

Python

atan function

from math import atan

atan(tangent)

Returns a float containing the angle of the given tangent, expressed in radians.

atan2 function

from math import atan2

atan2(y, x)

Returns a float containing the angle between the positive x-axis and the point at coordinates (x, y).

RB

atan function

atan(tangent as Double)

This function returns a double.

VB

atn function

atn(tangent as number)

This function returns a double.

Atan shared method

imports System.Math

Atan(value)

This function returns a double.

Atan2 shared method

imports System.Math

Atan2(y, x)

Returns a double containing the angle between the positive x-axis and the point at coordinates (x, y).

C / C++

C#

Cos static method

using System.Math;

Cos(value)

This function returns a double.

Java

Python

cos function

from math import cos

cos(angle)

This function returns a float.

RB

cos function

cos(angle as Double)

This function returns a double.

VB

cos function

cos(angle as number)

This function returns a double.

Cos shared method

imports System.Math

Cos(value)

This function returns a double.

C / C++

C#

Sin static method

using System.Math;

Sin(value)

This function returns a double.

Java

Python

sin function

from math import sin

sin(angle)

This function returns a float.

RB

sin function

sin(angle as Double)

This function returns a double.

VB

sin function

sin(angle as number)

This function returns a double.

Sin shared method

imports System.Math

Sin(value)

This function returns a double.

C / C++

C#

Tan static method

using System.Math;

Abs(value)

This function returns a double.

Java

Python

tan function

from math import tan

tan(angle)

This function returns a float.

RB

tan function

tan(angle)

This function returns a double.

VB

tan function

tan(angle)

This function returns a double.

Tan shared method

imports System.Math

Abs(value)

This function returns a double.